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Portable but customizable Linux Mint: Is a Persistent Live USB the right choice for me?

8.8K views 13 replies 5 participants last post by  Untertaker555  
#1 · (Edited)
EDIT: Check reply #14, there I explain it: I went for the full install. It's easier than all tutorials in the internet tell you. Persistent Live is good too, but for daily use it's just slightly better to use the full install. It feels more "complete" and "at home" like this. Linux Mint is perfect if you consider having Linux as a secondary OS or switch from Windows. Just find yourself some good open-source replacements for the Windows stuff that you kept all your life for the sake of not leaving your comfort zone. ;)


Hello, I plan to make Linux my secondary OS, but keep it "portable", while at the same time keep my settings, browser and files on it.
I am not experienced in Linux at all, so I have to mostly go with softwares that use any kind of UI, because I lack of knowledge of Linux commands (that is why I will chose Mint, because it's supposedly easy to use for Windows users).

I will write now the main question.
The rest after this is just explaining and further details about what I want to achieve.

My question is, if I can do with an "Live USB drive with persistence" these things:
  • Email client
  • Browser (including bookmarks, browsing history, etc.)
  • Keep documents, files on there
  • Organize desktop, settings and themes
  • Install / Update software



If you want to read the long version:

Right now I am using Windows 11 To Go (Created with Rufus) on an external SSD.
I like about it, that I can just plug it off the device, take it to another device, plug it in, and my whole desktop and data is with me, without carrying a whole laptop with me.
Everything is great with that - but that is Windows..


Now, as I said before, I want to have Linux Mint as my secondary OS, and the goal is, to make it behave similar like Windows To Go.
What I mean by that is, that I want to have Linux installed on an external drive, such as an external SSD.
I want to be able to carry the whole system including settings, files and the desktop just in my pocket, and that it can be plugged in at any suitable device, and that it will boot Linux, with my desktop, settings, browser, bookmarks, documents and Thunderbird (just as Windows 11 To Go does).

Now I have to tell you, that I never even once touched any Linux OS ever, but that I am sure that I want to use it at least as my secondary OS. That is just one more reason for me to also make it "Portable / To Go" like Windows is.
Basically instead of booting into either Windows or Linux, I rather want to plug in the USB drive with either one installed, and it boots automatically.

That is the story behind my question.
But now I will ask the actual question:
I read, that there are 2 options right now for me, that both will behave very differently, so I need to know which of these I will have to do.

There is the "Full Install on USB".
And there is the "Live USB drive with persistence".

At first I thought that the Full Install is the way to go for me, but consider, that I want the OS to be totally portable. That means that I can plug it into any other suitable device. And when I checked about the Full Install, I learned that it will not be so easy to make it work correctly. For example Windows 11 To Go will simply download updates and fix itself on the new device, whenever I plug it into another PC or laptop.
But it seems like Linux will not do that as easy as Windows does.

So then I consider USB drive with persistence.
But I am not really sure if that is the way to go for me?
 
#2 ·
Running Linux off of a USB Flash drive is a good way to test it out and to learn how to use it. You can also run Linux in a VM inside Windows, again to test it out.
The flash drive method is ok to try Linux, but you will need a lot larger drive that is more stable to do what you want. You can install Linux to a USB HDD and you can carry that to any computer How to Install Linux OS on USB Drive and Run it On Any PC
 
#3 ·
Thanks for the reply.
I don't want to use a USB Flash drive, but an external SSD via USB.

What you posted is a great guide how to install Linux the "Full Install on USB" way.
So you say I rather should do that instead of going the "Live USB drive with persistence" way?

Basically my question is, what is better in my case:
Live USB drive with persistence vs Full Install on USB


I just want to use it for very basic things, so I wonder if I just could use such a Persistent Live USB drive.
For example, would the persistence partition on the Live USB drive give me the possibility to use a browser with cookies, bookmarks, and all other features?
Would Thunderbird work on such a Live USB drive when there is persistence set up?
 
#5 ·
Basically my question is, what is better in my case:
Live USB drive with persistence vs Full Install on USB
Assuming enough memory, Mint can be booted to RAM on the Live USB install making it more responsive than a full USB install.

For the uses you listed, either install choice will work, and spunk.funk's Ask Ubuntu link is a good assessment of pros and cons.
 
#6 ·
@spunk.funk That link is very helpful, but it does not say that a Live USB drive with persistence doesn't allow saving of files. Actually, I thought the whole point of a "persistent" partition is to be able to save files and settings, but I could be wrong. (That's why I'm here asking)

@alderon Thank you for the reply. You said that for the uses that I listed, a Persistent Live USB drive could actually be fine?
My uses include files being saved on the desktop, some editing in LibreOffice, browsing the internet, Emails.
But if spunk.funk is right, there can't be any files written, which means that for example the browser will lose all it's bookmarks and Thunderbird will lose all it's Email settings after restarting.
Is that true, or does a Persistent Live USB Drive allow me to keep such settings and files?
 
#7 ·
With a Live Session with Data Persistency you have to choose how much Free Space you want to use to save files.
 
#8 ·
Hey,
Absolutely! A Persistent Live USB is an ideal choice. It lets you carry Linux Mint with your customization, apps, and data on the go. Enjoy the flexibility of a personalized system without altering your computer's setup. Perfect for trying out, and if you decide, you can even install it permanently later.
 
#14 · (Edited)
I'm sorry for double post, but I have a question to @Hrittik or actually to anyone who has actual experience with Persistent Live USB.
I tried my first test with the Persistent Live USB now on a USB 3.0 stick, but things are not working as they are supposed to do.
It seems you have experience with Persistent Live USB, right?

I am using an USB 3.0 stick, but it's abhorrently slow.
It takes about 10 minutes to open Firefox.

After a bit research I found out that Live USB sticks are super fast, but that when Persistency is added, it will become slower.
But to me it seems like that what I am experiencing is not normal and it's much too slow, definitely less than USB 3.0 speed.
I found this thread in the internet:

It seems like there the people experience very different results.
Because for some the Persistency USB drive works fast, and for some it works equally slow as it does for me.

So what is your first hand experience with this, anyone?


EDIT: I went for the full install.
It's way more easy than all these tutorials say.
You just have to get the Live USB drive, boot from it, then from desktop start the Install shortcut and in the process select the drive you want to install it on.
No "Something else..." or anything fancy with all these "create 5 partitions and another 2"-nonsene.
Just follow the basic setup, and all will be done automatically.

Avoid installing any drivers that are offered to you by Mint itself.
Mint will offer you graphics drivers, and all kinds of other things.
Just always press no if you want the drive to stay really portable.
If you press yes, you will have a better experience on that one device, but it might be possible that you have much to do for making the drive work well on another computer.

Maybe I will install the drivers at some point, when I learned better about Linux itself, because then I will be ready to fix these things myself.
 
#9 · (Edited)
Thank you.
So for now I decided to indeed to the way of "Persistent Live USB Drive".

I will create it with Rufus.
When I set up everything in Rufus, there it offers me either NTFS or FAT32.

Now I know the benefits of either really well, and for Windows I have a very strong opinion on this: I very much prefer NTFS in nearly all cases.
But for Linux, that seems to be an different case?

I read that Linux Mint has added NTFS support into their kernel already a longer time ago, and that it would be fine to use NTFS to store data on it.
But does that mean that NTFS is better on Linux than FAT32 in my case?
In your opinion, what do you think is better to chose of these 2 options, to store data and settings on it?

I know that none of them are really native to Linux, but I also read that FAT in general has a longer history of being supported by Linux.
Also Rufus marked FAT32 as "default" when setting up the Persistent Live USB Drive.


EDIT: These questions are still open, and I got another question.
So one of the main reasons why I prefer NTFS on Windows is journaling. But is journaling for NTFS actually even working on Linux?

EDIT2: I think these questions deserve their own thread, because I can't find any website even talking about this..
Here is the thread: Which of the 2 can Linux Mint handle better: NTFS or FAT32?
 
#11 ·
The question now is: Is the portable SSD only working on that one specific computer? Or can it be plugged in at any other device?
When I was reading about this topic, I read that an install how you described it will work on that one specific computer, but that if you plug it into another device, it will have huge driver problems.

Is that true, or can it be fixed easily?
For example with Windows To Go, if I plug the portable SSD to another PC, it will have driver problems, but it will immediately fix itself by downloading the correct drivers for that specific device.
 
#12 ·
I have used it on several computers but mainly on that one. Linux does drivers differently than windows. That is why you can have live usb drives for linux (not full install) that can work anywhere. Not going to say it will be smooth sailing since you might have to change some security settings in the bios and may have to change the boot order.

If for some reason it don't work for you, you can always use the live usb linux, just will not be able to save settings, but you can save files and bookmarks. Just will take 2 to 3 times longer to boot.
 
#13 ·
So in my case it's indeed better to use the Live USB with Persistency as it seems, so I will at least try it for a while.
Because the drivers, security settings, etc. it just sounds like too much stress for making it a "portable experience".

I rather want it to work as simple as my Windows To Go SSD, which I basically can plug in any average laptop, and it will simply download updates, and it's working.


For me it's just important that some basic things can be saved by the Persistency setup, such as Thunderbird login, browsing data (cookies, login data, bookmarks), and some other basic things as theme and a few Office documents on the desktop.

If that all can be done with the Persistent Live USB of Mint, I will be more than happy and it will stay my setup.
So if anyone can confirm that these things will work, I would be thankful.
I think soon I will be able to test it myself.