Hi nerv
It depends on how you manage the tracking. If you are using GPS as a satnav then unless you have built in maps, then the getting the maps will take up data.
However, you use the term 'Tracking'. This is a subject I am also interested in. I have a free Android app "My Tracks" which works pretty well and creates suitable files for overlaying on Google Earth etc. That may be worth while having a look at on the Android Market.
It is possible to run the app in 'Aeroplane mode' too so that it does not download maps but still logs the coordinates for adding to Google Earth.
I do quite a bit of international travelling and a huge amount of photography too. I like to geostamp many of my photos and as such, I also use stand alone tracker/loggers. If that is a way that is attractive, have a look at:
Holux
Qstarz
I have both these products - the only down side to the Holux device is that it will not run from rechargeable batteries, but it will run from a USB power source (I have an external USB power pack and can run it for days on that!)